The Daruma is a type of Japanese doll which is modeled after Bodhidharma, the founder of Zen Buddhism. There is a legend surrounding Bodhidharma referred to as “Menpeki Kunen” (Nine Years Facing the Wall). This legend states that Bodhidharma, through sheer indomitable willpower, was able to maintain a meditative state facing the wall for a period of nine years.
The Daruma doll serves as a physical representation of Bodhidharma's unyielding willpower. It has the ability to rise no matter how many attempts are made to knock it over. Due to its resilient nature, the Daruma embodies the Japanese proverb Nana Korobi Ya Oki (fall seven, rise eight) and is seen as a good luck charm in Japan for those who have challenging goals that they are determined to bring to fruition.
“Me Ire-Daruma” (Daruma in which eyes are inserted) is a tradition that began in the Edo Period and continues today. Owners of the Daruma doll “without eyes” can draw a single eye onto their doll as they begin their journey toward their goal. This is known as “Kai Gen” (Opening the Eye.). The second eye is drawn in when the goal is achieved, and this is referred to as “Man-Gan” (Full Wish).